Proceedings of Southeastern Fish and Wildlife Conference

Prior to 2013, SEAFWA published the Proceedings of annual conferences. In 2014, SEAFWA began publishing the peer-reviewed Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies.

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Article Year

A Technique For Capturing White-Tail Deer In The Delta Marsh By Use Of Airboats And Helicopters

Kenneth C. Smith

Pages 59-63

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1969

Movement Responses Of White-Tailed Deer To Changing Food Supplies

While studying deer movements and ecology in a logged, floodplain habitat in southwestern Alabama, the investigator noted certain consistent responses by deer to food changes. One radio-instrumented deer shifted her range three times in response to changing food supplies (food plot to ear corn to spring greenery and back to food plot). The shifts were not great in magnitude, but they were distinct and were spread over a nine-month period. Diel movements were very concentrated when food was concentrated, but dispersed when the food supply was dispersed.

James L. Byford

Pages 63-78

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1969

Capturing Snipe With Mist Nets

During the winters of 1967-68 and 1968-69, 1,015 common snipe (Capella gallinago) were banded on a fresh water marsh in north central Florida including 994 which were captured with mist nets. The most productive techniques were driving the birds into nets concentrated in areas of heavy snipe utilization, and intercepting snipe along regular flight lanes. Net type, mesh size, color, and field techniques are described. Other capture methods are briefly discussed. References on the general use of mist-nets to capture birds can be found but few describe a netting technique for snipe.

Michael J. Fogarty

Pages 78-84

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1969

Analysis Of Records Of Louisiana-Banded Woodcock

F. W. Martin

Pages 85-96

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1969

Comparison Of Airplane, Air-Boat And Helicopter For Censusing Florida Ducks, Anas Platyrhynchos Fulvigula

A study comparing various waterfowl census techniques was conducted to determine which is most suitable for use with the Florida Duck population. Counts made from an airplane, air-boat and helicopter, covering identical transects in the Kissimmee River Valley of Florida, were compared. Surveys made from the air-boat were the most accurate, but were found to be impractical for regular census work. Airplane surveys proved to be practical if their inherent inaccuracy was compensated for by multiplying actual counts by a conversion factor.

C. Frederick Lotter

Pages 97-101

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1969

Status Of A Free Flying, Resident Flock Of Canada Geese (Branta Canadensis) In Tennessee

A free flying, resident flock of Canada geese (Bl'anta canadensis) has been successfully established in Middle Tennessee. The flock is now composed of over 400 geese. It was initiated in the late 1950's by a private citizen via the release of three or four pair of game farm origin birds on a 1,200 acre estate. This improved pasture type farm, which has several large ponds, is typical of much of the agricultural land usage in Middle Tennessee.

James F. Gore

Pages 101-104

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1969

An Evaluation Of Several Techniques For Determining The Age Of Bobcats (Lynx Rufus) In The Southeast

A total of 57 of 75 bobcats (Lynx rufus) available were utilized in an evaluation for determining age in this species. Pelage characteristics, body measurements, frozen eye lens weight, and epiphyseal closure of the forelegs and humeri were of little value in determining age. Skull measurements were used in determining three age classes: (1) kittens (0-12 months); (2) young adults (13-24 months); and (3) adults (over 25 months). Skull morphology was also useful in defining these classes.

Richard H. Conley

Pages 104-110

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1969

An Inventory And Study Of Beaver Impounded Water In Mississippi

D. H. Arner

Pages 110-128

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1969

The Ecology Of Sylvatic Rabies In The Southeastern United States: A Review

This report summarizes existing information on the ecology of rabies in wildlife in the southeastern United States. Patterns of involvement of various wildlife species and their significance in the ecology of rabies are discussed. Other subjects that are discussed include factors involved in epizootics, barriers to interspecific spread, and various mechanisms which may maintain the rabies virus in populations during periods between epizootics.

A. Sydney Johnson

Pages 129-140

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1969

Nesting Ecology Of Alligators In Louisiana

Ted Joanen

Pages 141-151

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1969

Introduction Of Exotic Game Birds In South Carolina

Trial releases of three species of exotic game birds were made on nine areas in South Carolina by the South Carolina Wildlife Resources Department. The black francolin was released on four areas from 1960 to 1962. The Western Iranian black-neck pheasant was released on five areas from 1961 to 1968. The red junglefowl was released on three areas from 1965 to 1968. A study was made of seven of the release sites to determine population levels of the released birds and to survey the vegetation.

Lawrence H. Robinson

Pages 152-156

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1969

An Evaluation Of Indian Red Junglefowl Releases In Baldwin County, Alabama

An intensive field study of the status and ecology of introduced Indian red junglefowl (Gallus gallus murghi Delacour) was conducted from March 22 to August 26, 1968 in Baldwin County, Alabama. A high incidence of junglefowl "hybrids", resulting from crossing with domestic chickens (Gallus sp.), was observed in six separate groups and eight broods. An average of 2.9 chicks per brood was observed from March 2 to August 22. A probable failure of junglefowl to establish a wild population is indicated.

David M. Smith

Pages 157-171

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1969

Observations Of Imported Fire Ant Predation On Nestling Cottontails

During a five year study of cottontail reproduction in Alabama, frequent observations were made of activities and mortality of nestling cottontail rabbits in five 50' x 50' pens, in six 200' x 200' pens, and in five large enclosures ranging from 6 to 40 acres in size. During this study 371 cottontail nests were found in which 231 litters were born. Evidence, some of which is circumstantial, indicates that 68 whole litters and parts of two other litters were destroyed by fire ants.

Edward P. Hill III

Pages 171-181

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1969

The Incidence Of Young-Of·the-Year Breeding By Georgia Cottontails

Collection of 135 young females revealed a very low incidence of breeding by this segment of the cottontail populations in Georgia. These data question the significance of early adult breeding as a major factor in contributing to a higher incidence of young-of-the-year breeding. The influence of other parameters in the Southeast was suggested; soil fertility and hot, dry summer weather were most significant.

Michael R. Pelton

Pages 182-184

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1969

Immobilizing European Wild Hogs With Cap-Chur-Gem

Cap-Chur-Gem was injected intramuscularly into 22 pen-reared and six wild trapped European wild hogs. In pen-reared hogs, complete immobilization occurred in 13 hogs (68 percent) at dosages of 1 cc./9.9 to 1 cc./18.6 pounds of body weight and incomplete immobilization occurred in six hogs within the same dosage range. The remaining three penreared hogs showed little or no effects when injected with dosages smaller than 1 cc./19.0 pounds. Three of the wild trapped hogs were immobilized at dosages of 1 cc./10 pounds and three were not immobilized at dosages of 1 cc. per 14 to 20 pounds.

George H. Matschke

Pages 185-188

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1969

Fawn Mortality In A Confined Virginia Deer Herd

Burd S. McGinnes

Pages 188-191

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1969

Progress Report On Carolina Sandhills Mourning Dove Studies

The objectives, methods, and study areas of the Carolina Sandhills mourning dove investigation are described as they apply to present and future research. Indexes to mourning dove nesting densities are gained by means of 25 call-count routes in a 10-county intensive study area and 45 call-count routes in a 33-county extensive study area.

Spencer R. Amend

Pages 191-201

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1969

Comparison Of Mourning Dove Harvest Data From Wing Collection And Mail Survey, Virginia, 1968-1969

Hunters responding to a standard mail questionnaire reported more doves killed and more dove hunting trips than would be judged from the wings these same individuals submitted through the mail. A bare majority of these hunters stated that their questionnaire answers better represented their experience for the season than did their wing response. Those who sent in wings reported hunting more often and killing more doves than those who failed to send in wings.

Jack V. Gwynn

Pages 202-208

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1969

Report Of The Southeastern Foreign Game Committee To The Southeastern Section Of The Wildlife Society

Glenn D. Chambers

Pages 209-209

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1969

Activities Of The Southeastern Water Use Committee

Harold E. Alexander

Pages 210-211

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1969

Annual Report—Publication Awards Committee

A. Sydney Johnson

Pages 212-212

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1969

Brief History Of The Southeastern Section, Wildlife Society 1948-1968

Earl Franklin Kennamer

Pages 212-225

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1969

The Culture Of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus (Rafinesque), In Cages Suspended In Ponds

Since 1966,1 a study has been conducted in earthen ponds of the Auburn University Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn, Alabama, to evaluate the potential of suspended cages for culturing catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), from fingerlings to marketable size, and to develop the basic techniques necessary for the extension of the culture. This paper presents the developments obtained in the study. Experiments on effects of stocking density per volume of cage, cage positioning relative to the environment and to other cages, and cage mesh size on production are discussed.

H. R. Schmittou

Pages 226-244

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1969

Stomach Content Analysis Of White Bass (Roccus Chrysops) In Beaver Reservoir, Arkansas

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of stomach contents of 263 white bass (Roccus chrysops) taken from Beaver Reservoir and its tributaries between February 1, 1969 and June 30, 1969 are reported. Fish are classified as pre, mid, and post-spawners based on their migrations into and out of the spawning areas. Stomach contents of white bass are enumerated by frequency occurrence, volumetric and gravimetric methods. Significant differences in the food habits were found between the different periods.

Larry Olmsted

Pages 244-250

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1969

Growth, Survival, Food Habits, And Sexual Development Of Croaker, Micropogon Undulatus, In Brackish Water Ponds

Croaker, Micropogon undulatus, were stocked in 6 ponds in 1966 and again in 6 ponds in 1968 to determine general desirability for pond culture in brackish water. Growth and survival was low both years. In the fall, when ponds were drained, fish were about one year old; both males and females were ripe. Stomach analyses revealed that croaker preferred grass shrimp, Palaemonetes sp. (78.4 per cent occurrence) to fish (13.3 per cent occurrence). The condition index, using total length, was 1.36, while the length-weight relationship was log W =-5.2498 + (3.1652) (log L).

James W. Avault, Jr.

Pages 251-255

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1969

Age And Growth Of River Redhorse, Moxostoma Carinatum (Cope) From The Cahaba River, Alabama

The river redhorse, Moxostoma carinatum (Cope), is a Catostomid fish of east-central North America. In rivers where it is common, the river redhorse frequently affords a sport fishery, especially during its spawning period. During the period July, 1966, to July, 1968, 339 river redhorse were collected from the Cahaba River, Alabama. Scales from 183 of these specimens were aged and back calculated. An additional 52 pondreared specimens were utilized for scalation and length-weight studies. Length-weight equations were computed.

Walter M. Tatum

Pages 255-261

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1969

Observations On Early Development Of White Bass, Roccus Chrysops (Rafinesque)

Rama R. Yellayi

Pages 261-265

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1969

Effect Of Temperature Changes Upon Developing Striped Bass Eggs And Fry

A comparison study was made to determine the effects of temperature upon the percent hatch of striped bass eggs and upon fry survival. No significant difference for percent hatch was found at incubation temperatures between 60°F. and 75°F. at 5° increments. Temperature shock between 65°F. and higher temperatures appears to have a more deleterious effect on freshly fertilized eggs than eggs incubated for 16 or 44 hours at 65°F. before transfer to the same higher test temperatures. Fry produced at 65°F.

Eugene H. Shannon

Pages 265-274

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1969

Comparison Of Insecticide Residues From Two Mississippi Oxbow Lakes

Monthly insecticide tests on waters from two Yazoo-Mississippi Delta Oxbow Lakes show DDT levels to be highest in winter and spring months. Comparison of insecticide levels in Wolf Lake and Mossy Lake waters, muds, and fish flesh show consistantly higher levels in Wolf Lake. Thirty-six hour bluegill bioassays in endrin show TLm value of Wolf Lake fish twenty fold greater than Mossy Lake fish.

C. Rex Bingham

Pages 275-280

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1969

Benthic Macroinvertebrates In Cold Tailwaters And Natural Streams In The State Of Arkansas

The results of a 1965-66 study of the physico-chemical factors, benthic macroinvertebrates, plankton, and fishes of three cold tailwaters (Bull Shoals, Norfork and Beaver) were published in the Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners by Brown, Liston, and Dennie (1967). The data presented here are an extension of this work and compare the macroinvertebrates of two natural streams (Buffalo and Kings rivers), two old tailwaters (Bull Shoals and Norfork), and a new tailwater (Beaver, impounded in 1963).

Robert E. Blanz

Pages 281-292

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1969

Preliminary Experiment On The Culture Of Red Swamp Crawfish, Procambarus Clarki, In Brackish Water Ponds

This paper reports upon brackish water impoundment studies conducted in the coastal marshes of Southwest Louisiana with a valued Louisiana delicacy, the red swamp crawfish, Procambarus clarki. Survival, growth and reproduction were recorded in an attempt to better evaluate the potential of Louisiana's brackish coastal areas for crawfish culture. The initial field experiments were begun in 1967, with the stocking and management of an experimental 5.6 acre pond at the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge using the commonly accepted management techniques.

W. Gutherie Perry, Jr.

Pages 293-302

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1969

A Field Test Of The Use Of Scale Size At The Formation Of The First Annulus To Permanently Mass-Mark Smallmouth Bass, Micropterus Dolomieui Lacepede

This study, using smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieui LacepMe, was a field test of a new method of permanently mass-marking fishes. This method consists of producing fish by means of rapid or prolonged growth whose scales have a significantly larger focus to first annulus distance than fish native to a stream chosen for stocking. In October, 1965, 322 young-of-the-year bass, that had been raised either in laboratory aquaria or a hatchery pond, were stocked in three headwater streams of Northwest Arkansas.

Thomas M. Buchanan

Pages 303-311

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1969

Fisherman Utilization Of Tilapia Aurea (Steindachner) In Lake Parker, Lakeland, Florida

Tilapia aurea, blue tilapia (Smith-Vaniz, 1968) were brought to Florida in 1961. Verification of this species in Lake Parker occurred five years later. Since this time, they have reached a concentration which provides a unique fishery. Parker, a 2,291 acre lake located in Lakeland, Florida, was creeled for a year to determine fisherman utilization of blue tilapia. Harvest by baited hook was significant only three months of the period. This species comprised over 40 per cent of the total harvest six months of the year, after legalization of cast netting and snatch hooking.

Jon Buntz

Pages 312-319

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1969

Effects Of Salinity On Growth And Survival Of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus

Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the effect of salinity on growth and survival of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Three-day old or older eggs tolerated up to 16 ppt total salinity. However, at the time of hatching there was a sharp drop in tolerance to about 8 ppt. This level of tolerance was maintained during the period of yolk absorption. Following yolk absorption there was an increase in tolerance to about 9 or 10 ppt. By five months of age tolerance had increased to 11 ppt and to 12 ppt by six months. The level of tolerance was about the same at 11-14 months.

Kenneth O. Allen

Pages 319-331

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1969

The Effect Of Water Quality Alteration On The Growth Rate Of White Sucker

John V. Roland

Pages 332-352

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1969

A Summary Of Fish Disease Cases Received Over A Five-Year Period At The Southeastern Cooperative Fish Disease Laboratory

During the period July 1, 1964 to June 31, 1968, a total of 300 cases was received for diagnosis at the Southeastern Cooperative Fish Disease Laboratory at Auburn University. Ninety of the cases (30%) were determined to be caused by parasites, 104 cases (34.7%) were determined to be caused by bacteria or viruses. The remainder of the cases were routine prestocking checks, kills due to factors other than disease producing organisms, or undetermined cases due to unsuitable specimens for diagnosis or lack of data.

Wilmer A. Rogers

Pages 353-358

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1969

Effects Of Phosphatic Clay Pollution On The Peace River, Florida

Contamination of the Peace River with 1,500 acre feet of phosphate mine waste (montmorillonite clay) resulted in heavy mortality of stream fauna. The estimated kill of fishes exceeded 90% of the fish population in 76 miles of stream. Losses of macroinvertebrates were heavy or complete for all taxonomic groups, except oligochaetes and tendipedid larvae. Excessive clay turbidity was determined as the cause of kill. Lethal concentrations of suspended particles was short term and within 9 days stream water quality returned to normal.

Forrest J. Ware

Pages 359-373

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1969

Effect Of Water Hyacinths And Fertilization On Fish-Food Organisms And Production Of Bluegill And Redear Sunfish In Experimental Ponds

Eighteen O.l-acre ponds at the Auburn University Fisheries Research Unit, Auburn, Alabama, were used from April 5 through November 20, 1967. Both species of fishes were stocked together randomly at a rate of 4,000 fingerlings per acre.

Harold Wahlquist

Pages 373-384

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1969

Distribution Of Juvenile River Herring In The Potomac River

J. E. Warinner

Pages 384-388

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1969

A Management Survey Of Public Fishing In Delta Regions Of Eastern Arkansas

Intensive agricultural endeavor and accompanying environmental degradation have virtually eliminated the native fishery of eastern Arkansas' delta regions. Unsatisfied public demands for outdoor recreation have, of course, increased as corresponding opportunities have been reduced. The fisheries management biologist in eastern Arkansas is faced with a multitude of perplexing management problems which in many respects are unique to the heavily farmed regions of southeastern United States.

Richard W. Broach

Pages 388-397

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1969

The Effects Of Inorganic Fertilizers And Organic Matter Upon The Production Of Macrobenthos In Ponds

Richard A. Collins

Pages 397-406

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1969

Production Of The Threadfin Shad, Dorosoma Petenense (Gunther)

Adult threadfin shad, Dorosoma petenense (Gunther), were stocked alone in ponds at rates from 100 to 1,600 per acre to determine the most efficient rate of stocking for maximum production. Total production varied from 84.5 to 290.0 pounds per acre while net production ranged from 36.4 to 169.0 pounds per acre. The number of young per surviving parent varied from 1,392 at a stocking rate of 100 adults per acre to 82 young at a stocking rate of 1,600 adults per acre. Threadfin shad stocked in April spawned from May (76°F) through August.

Hugh A. Swingle

Pages 407-421

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1969

Daily Feeding Rates Of Bluegill Determined By A Radioisotopic Method

Seppo E. Kolehmainen

Pages 422-430

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1969

Water Fluctuation, A Detrimental Influence On Trout Streams

Stream fluctuations strongly influenced the biotic populations of three Colorado trout streams during a three year water quality study conducted on the streams. Extreme water fluctuations (94% variation in surface area), combined with stream bedload accumulations, reduced a productive trout water to a non-productive series of intermittent pools during the course of the study. One study station produced the highest consistent production of benthos and the largest standing crops of trout in numbers.

Raymond V. Corning

Pages 431-454

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1969

Effects Of Water Hardness On Fish Production In Plastic Pools

George N. Greene

Pages 455-461

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1969

The Influence Of Various Factors On The Catch Of Otter Trawls In A Warmwater Reservoir

The first phase of a study to determine the potential of otter trawls as commercial fishing gear in the warmwater reservoir was investigated. The research was conducted on Wheeler Reservoir, Alabama, during September, October and December, 1967. Two 37-foot and two 45-foot otter trawls constructed from three designs were investigated utilizing a systematic sampling schedule in which direction, speed and duration of tow, and length of warp were randomly selected.

Bobby G. Grinstead

Pages 462-473

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1969

Results Of Stocking Largemouth Bass, Bluegill, And Redear Sunfish In Ponds Less Than 0.25 Acre

A study was undertaken during the period of 1962-65 to determine the minimum acreage of water which can produce and sustain a balanced largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede), Bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, and redear sunfish, Lepomis microlophus (Gunther), population. Thirty-three ponds ranging from 0.17 to 0.25 acre and which contained no fish were selected in North Alabama during 1962-63. The ponds were stocked by the State Fish Hatchery during the 1962-63 season.

Gerald R. Hooper

Pages 474-479

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1969

Fishing Success For Channel Catfish And White Catfish In Ponds With Daily Feeding

Channel and white catfish fingerlings, stocked in ponds with largemouth bass at densities of 2,000 to 3,000 catfish per acre separately or in combination and given daily feeding have continued to provide excellent sport fishing. Four-inch fingerling catfish stocked by February and given supplemental feeding at rates of 2 to 3 percent body weight daily reached harvestable size of 0.7 lb. by October at which time the ponds were opened to fishing.

E. E. Prather

Pages 480-490

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1969

A Preliminary Report On The Biology Of The Roanoke Bass, Ambloplites Cavifrons Cope, In North Carolina

The Roanoke bass, Ambloplites cavifrons, was described by Cope in 1867 seemingly from a single three-inch specimen recovered from the Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Virginia. Subsequent literature indicates the species remained unrecognized in North Carolna until 1963 when encountered in Fishing Creek during a survey and inventory of the Tar River Basin. Inquiry among local anglers and Wildlife Protectors has revealed this fish apparently is taken by rod-and-reel fishing in small-to-moderate numbers from several diverse streams of both the Tar River Basin and the Neuse River Basin.

William B. Smith

Pages 491-500

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1969

Preliminary Results In The Use Of A Nursery Pond As A Tool In Fishery Management

The history of the "nursery' area concept in fisheries management dates back several years and includes varying techniques including fencing of a shallow bay of a reservoir to protect fish on their spawning grounds, utilizing sloughs adjacent to reservoirs for spawning grounds and making use of sloughs, old river lakes and small ponds as nursery areas for young fishes which during high water migrate into the river.

William E. Keith

Pages 501-511

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1969