P. T. Bromley

We use a case study to illustrate how challenging it can be to apply rigorous evaluation procedures of environmental education programs in a real world setting. We report here our experiences in conducting 2 major evaluations. In Case Number 1, the identity of the client is not disclosed for reasons that will become obvious. This client was a national, non-profit conservation organization that requested an independent evaluation of an educational program designed for volunteer use. Case Number 2 reviews the evaluation of the Virginia Hunter Education program conducted in the early 1980s....

Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations have declined on a continental scale. One factor implicated in the decline is habitat loss through agricultural modernization. To better understand the relationship between northern bobwhite and modern farming, and to examine farm habitat improvement methods, we monitored bobwhite (N = 218) from April to September 1993 and 1994 on two study areas, western (WSA) and eastern (ESA), each divided into one filter strip (FS) (treatment) and one non-filter strip (NFS) (reference) section on Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge's farming...

The need for Nuisance Wildlife Control (NWC) is changing with the increase in urban population in the United States. A survey of the states and territories of the United States in regard to NWC was assessed. A comprehensive model emerged for a system of private operators. The key elements are education, administrative oversight, sensitivity to animal welfare and human needs, and development of private enterprise while maintaining wildlife agency control.

Participants in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in Virginia were surveyed to determine their acceptance of the wildlife management options available. The resulting data were subjected to statistical analysis through logit models to enable prediction of desire to improve wildlife habitat and actual implementation of habitat improvement. The analysis indicated that landowners who retired >16.2 ha or who farmed >40.5 ha were most likely to incorporate wildlife management practices. We suggest that wildlife agencies utilize survey research data to better target their private...

Agonistic behavior and social dominance relationships between similar-sized, wild, adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were examined in a laboratory stream. Frequency of movements, aggressive encounters, and consumption of food items by trout when held as single specimens, intraspecific pairs, and interspecific pairs were compared. Rainbow trout were more mobile, aggressive, and successful foragers on drifting prey than brook trout; however, neither species appeared to possess a competitive advantage in establishing social dominance or displacing...